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Updated: Jan 16, 2026
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Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice
Published on: June 8, 2022
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Lupus nephritis
Ioannis Parodis1,2,3, Brad H Rovin4, Maria G Tektonidou5
1Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. ioannis.parodis@ki.se.
Nature Reviews. Disease Primers
|September 25, 2025
Summary
Lupus nephritis (LN), a severe kidney complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), impacts many patients. Early recognition and multidisciplinary care are vital for managing this condition and preventing kidney failure.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Immunology
- Rheumatology
Background:
- Lupus nephritis (LN) is a serious kidney complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), affecting 25-60% of patients.
- LN often manifests within 5 years of SLE diagnosis but can occur later, necessitating ongoing vigilance.
- Despite advances, LN remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, potentially leading to irreversible kidney failure.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current understanding of lupus nephritis (LN) pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and management strategies.
- To emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and multidisciplinary care in improving outcomes for patients with SLE-related kidney disease.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on lupus nephritis (LN) pathogenesis, risk factors, and treatment modalities.
- Analysis of current treatment paradigms, including pharmacotherapy and supportive care.
Main Results:
- Key pathogenic pathways in LN include type I interferon signaling, calcineurin activation, and B/T cell dysfunction.
- Risk factors for kidney failure progression include persistent proteinuria, low GFR, hypertension, and frequent flares.
- Treatment is shifting towards multi-agent regimens and comprehensive, multidisciplinary care.
Conclusions:
- Lupus nephritis (LN) requires a holistic management approach combining pharmacotherapy with tailored, multidisciplinary care.
- Addressing both immune and non-immune factors is crucial for preserving kidney function and improving long-term outcomes in LN patients.
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