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Effectiveness of teaching basic life support resuscitation using virtual reality - a randomized controlled trial.

Piotr Konrad Leszczyński1, Klaudia Weronika Jędral2, Maria Malm3

  • 1Department of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Siedlce, Konarskiego 2, Siedlce, 08-110, Poland. piotr.leszczynski@uws.edu.pl.

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|September 26, 2025
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Summary

Virtual reality (VR) training for basic life support (BLS) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) shows comparable three-month effectiveness to traditional methods. While short-term results favored traditional training, VR improved long-term chest compression quality.

Keywords:
Basic life supportEducationEffectivenessResuscitationTeachingVirtual reality

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Virtual Reality Applications

Background:

  • Basic Life Support (BLS) skills are crucial for emergency response and survival rates.
  • Traditional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training methods are widely used, but their long-term effectiveness varies.
  • Limited data exists on the efficacy of virtual reality (VR) for teaching BLS and CPR procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the short-term and three-month didactic effectiveness of VR technology in teaching BLS procedures and chest compressions.
  • To compare the learning outcomes and skill retention between VR training and traditional training methods.
  • To assess participant satisfaction with VR-based versus traditional CPR training.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial involving 205 participants (73.91% women, mean age 21.80 years) was conducted.
  • Participants were allocated to either a VR training group or a traditional training group.
  • Knowledge and practical skills were assessed immediately after training and again at three months using checklists and statistical analyses (α=0.05).

Main Results:

  • Immediately after training, traditional methods yielded higher overall resuscitation quality scores (67.0%) compared to VR (45.61%, p<0.001), though knowledge levels were comparable (p=0.269).
  • At three months, no significant intergroup differences in resuscitation quality were observed (p=0.218), with traditional group at 60.32% and VR group at 54.32%.
  • Notably, chest compression quality decreased after traditional training but improved after VR training over the three months.

Conclusions:

  • VR-based CPR training demonstrates comparable three-month effectiveness to traditional methods, particularly in improving chest compression quality.
  • Modern VR technology offers a viable alternative for first aid education, potentially reducing instructor involvement and ensuring procedural consistency for large groups.
  • While short-term results favored traditional training, the long-term retention and improvement in specific skills like chest compressions highlight the potential of VR in medical education.