Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 16, 2026

Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship, Activity Prediction, and Molecular Dynamics of Non-nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
10:29

Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship, Activity Prediction, and Molecular Dynamics of Non-nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

Published on: May 9, 2025

2.2K

Suboptimal ART adherence, undetectable urine tenofovir, and higher C-reactive protein values

Delaram Ghanooni1, Megan J Heise2, Kevin Sassaman2

  • 1Florida International University, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Miami, FL.

AIDS (London, England)
|September 26, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Suboptimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in people with HIV is linked to higher inflammation, increasing risks for chronic health issues like cardiovascular disease. Monitoring ART adherence is crucial for managing inflammation and improving long-term health outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is standard for HIV management.
  • Residual immune activation and chronic inflammation persist in some individuals on ART.
  • This inflammation increases the risk of early-onset comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between ART adherence and markers of inflammation.
  • To identify factors contributing to chronic inflammation in people with HIV on ART.

Main Methods:

  • Study included 492 men who have sex with men.
  • ART adherence was assessed using undetectable urine tenofovir levels.
  • C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured as an inflammation marker.
  • Analyses adjusted for viral suppression and stimulant use.

Main Results:

  • Suboptimal ART adherence was directly associated with elevated C-reactive protein.
  • This association remained significant after adjusting for viral suppression and stimulant use.
  • Findings suggest a link between adherence and systemic inflammation.

Conclusions:

  • ART adherence is critical for mitigating residual immune activation and inflammation.
  • Monitoring adherence is essential for reducing inflammation-related chronic health outcomes in people with HIV.
  • Interventions promoting adherence may help prevent comorbidities.

More Related Videos

Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors05:46

Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors

Published on: April 9, 2014

18.3K
An Affordable HIV-1 Drug Resistance Monitoring Method for Resource Limited Settings19:57

An Affordable HIV-1 Drug Resistance Monitoring Method for Resource Limited Settings

Published on: March 30, 2014

19.1K

Related Concept Videos

Retrovirus Life Cycles01:10

Retrovirus Life Cycles

Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
49.3K
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Affecting Factors01:29

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Affecting Factors

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) is the clinical practice of measuring specific drug levels in a patient's blood or body tissues to manage and optimize therapy. TDM is crucial for drugs with narrow therapeutic windows, like warfarin and phenytoin, where incorrect doses can lead to treatment failure or severe side effects. This monitoring ensures the dosage administered is within a safe and effective range. The factors affecting therapeutic drug monitoring include:Patient-Specific Factors:a.
201
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
838