A Bibliometric Analysis of Exosomes Associated with Rheumatic Diseases in the 21st Century

Numerous studies have suggested that exosomes are associated with rheumatic diseases, but no bibliometric analysis has been performed. This study presents the first comprehensive bibliometric analysis aiming to evaluate the current research hotspots and to anticipate future trends.

An electronic search was conducted in the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) using exosome and rheumatic disease-specific terminology to identify eligible studies published from January 1, 2000 to October 19, 2024. Only English-language articles and review articles were selected for bibliometric analysis. Data analysis and visualization were conducted using CiteSpace 6.2.R3, VOSviewer 1.6.18, and the Bibliometrix R package.

A total of 1,251 publications with 49,374 citations were extracted from the WOSCC database. Both publication and citation frequency increased steadily. 255 different countries or regions, 4,413 institutions and 7,213 authors contributed to the field. China and the USA are the leading countries and Shanghai Jiao Tong University has a significant influence. Théry C is the most frequently co-cited researcher. Most papers are published in Frontiers in Immunology, while Stem Cell Research & Therapy has the highest citations. Research is primarily concentrated in cell biology, immunology, and experimental medicine. Exosm, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), autoimmunity, regeneration, and others are major areas of research in this field. Research hotspots primarily focus on the diagnostic potential and therapeutic applications of exosomes in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Exosomes derived from MSCs and their cargo, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), have the potential to serve as biomarkers and therapeutic vehicles in these diseases.

This study firstly quantifies and identifies the current status and research frontiers of exosomes in RDs by using bibliometric analysis, which may provide valuable insights for researchers to navigate trends and emerging applications into the field.