Regulatory Mechanisms of Gut Homeostasis and Bone Metabolism Interplay in Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis, a prevalent metabolic bone disorder characterized by reduced bone mass and compromised bone strength, poses a substantial socioeconomic burden worldwide due to its staggering global incidence. Individuals afflicted with osteoporosis face an elevated risk of debilitating fractures, leading to compromised quality of life, disability, and increased mortality. The gut-bone axis, the intricate bidirectional communication between the gut microbiome and skeletal system, has recently emerged as a focal area in bone health research. Accumulating evidence suggests that gut homeostasis, the delicate balance of gut microbial communities, modulates bone metabolism through diverse mechanisms, potentially driving the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Conversely, gut dysbiosis, the disruption of this equilibrium, may directly or indirectly perturb bone homeostasis, contributing to the onset and progression of osteoporosis. Elucidating the regulatory interplay between gut homeostasis and bone metabolism in the context of osteoporosis holds promising potential for developing novel preventive and therapeutic strategies, bearing profound theoretical and clinical implications.