Three-Dimensional Bone Morphology for Identifying Risk Factors for Jones Fractures using Statistical Shape Modeling:
Takuma Miyamoto1, Hiroaki Kurokawa1, Tomohiro Matsui2
1Nara Medical University.
Research Square
|September 26, 2025
Summary
Three-dimensional (3D) analysis reveals specific fifth metatarsal bone shapes, including base adduction and shaft straightening, are linked to Jones fractures in athletes. Surgical fixation does not alter these predisposing morphological features.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics
- Biomechanics
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Jones fractures are common fifth metatarsal stress fractures in athletes, often resulting in complications.
- Traditional 2D imaging limits the assessment of 3D bone morphology, crucial for understanding fracture risk.
- Statistical Shape Modeling (SSM) offers advanced 3D analysis for anatomical variations, but its application to Jones fractures is under-explored.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify 3D morphological risk factors associated with Jones fractures using SSM.
- To evaluate postoperative changes in fifth metatarsal morphology after surgical fixation.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective comparative study involving 20 Jones fracture patients and 20 controls.
- Computed tomography (CT) scans were used to generate 3D models of the fifth metatarsal.
- Statistical Shape Modeling (SSM) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were employed for 3D shape analysis and comparison.
Main Results:
- SSM identified significant shape variations, with the second PCA mode distinguishing fracture cases from controls.
- Fracture patients exhibited greater metatarsal base adduction, reduced articular surface, proximal tuberosity extension, and a straighter, thicker metatarsal shaft.
- No significant morphological changes were detected postoperatively.
Conclusions:
- Specific 3D morphological traits of the fifth metatarsal predispose individuals to Jones fractures.
- Surgical fixation does not alter these inherent morphological characteristics.
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