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How Search Engines Handle Suicide Queries.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Internet Studies
  • Mental Health

Background:

  • The suicide contagion effect suggests that exposure to suicide content can increase suicidal behavior.
  • Internet searches for suicide-related topics correlate with suicide rates but can also lead to help resources.
  • Understanding search engine results for suicide terms is crucial for public safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically evaluate search engine results for suicide-related queries.
  • To compare the prevalence of harmful content and suicide prevention resources across Google, Bing, and DuckDuckGo.
  • To analyze differences in results for general suicide terms versus specific suicide means, in English and Spanish.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic evaluation of search results for general and specific suicide terms.
  • Analysis conducted across Google, Bing, and DuckDuckGo search engines.
  • Queries were performed in both English and Spanish.

Main Results:

  • Bing and DuckDuckGo surfaced harmful content more frequently than Google.
  • Suicide prevention hotline information was present in 53% of English queries versus 13% of Spanish queries.
  • Google displayed hotline information in 55% of queries, compared to 35% for Bing and 10% for DuckDuckGo. Specific suicide means queries increased harmful results on Bing and DuckDuckGo by 20%.

Conclusions:

  • Search engine algorithms differ in their handling of sensitive suicide-related content.
  • There is a significant disparity in the availability of suicide prevention resources across search engines and languages.
  • Targeted interventions may be needed to mitigate risks associated with specific suicide means searches on certain platforms.