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Updated: Jan 16, 2026
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A Fabrication and Measurement Method for a Flexible Ferroelectric Element Based on Van Der Waals Heteroepitaxy
Published on: April 8, 2018
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Lead-Free Trirelaxor Ferroelectrics: High Energy Storage Capacity in the Paraelectric State and Broad Operating
Yang Yang1, Ying Li1, Yiqiao Song1
1Frontier Institute of Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|September 26, 2025
Summary
Researchers discovered a novel trirelaxor state in lead-free perovskite ceramics that offers high energy storage capacity. This breakthrough enables reliable dielectric capacitor performance across extreme temperatures, advancing energy storage technology.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Solid-State Physics
- Energy Storage
Background:
- Reliable lead-free dielectric capacitors are essential for advanced energy storage.
- Relaxor ferroelectrics typically show decreased performance above their Burns temperature (TB).
- Polar nanoregions (PNRs) are key to energy storage in relaxors below TB.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate lead-free dielectric materials for high-temperature energy storage.
- To explore the potential of a trirelaxor state for enhanced dielectric properties.
- To develop energy storage devices with broad operating temperature ranges.
Main Methods:
- Synthesis of Bi(Mg2/3Nb1/3)O3-doped Ba(Zr,Ti)O3-(Ba,Ca)TiO3 perovskite ceramics.
- Characterization of the trirelaxor state and its dielectric properties.
- Measurement of energy storage density and efficiency across a wide temperature range (-90 to 200 °C).
Main Results:
- A novel trirelaxor state with coexisting tetragonal, orthorhombic, and rhombohedral symmetries was identified above TB.
- The trirelaxor state achieved an energy storage density of 9.3 J cm-3 and 93% efficiency.
- Exceptional energy storage performance was maintained from -90 °C to 200 °C.
Conclusions:
- The trirelaxor state in lead-free perovskites offers superior energy storage capabilities above TB.
- This material demonstrates excellent temperature stability, outperforming existing lead-free dielectrics.
- The findings pave the way for developing high-performance, wide-temperature-range dielectric energy storage materials.
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