Augmented Reality in Implant and Tooth-Supported Prosthodontics Practice and Education: A Scoping Review

Background: Augmented reality (AR) is revolutionizing implant and tooth-supported prosthodontics (ITSP) through enhanced precision, workflow efficiency, and educational outcomes. This scoping review systematically evaluates AR's clinical applications, educational impacts, and implementation challenges. Methods: Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines, comprehensive searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase (2015-2025) for peer-reviewed studies on AR in ITSP. Eighteen studies met inclusion criteria after dual independent screening. Data extraction focused on clinical outcomes, educational benefits, and technological limitations. Results: AR applications demonstrated: ITSP Practice: Submillimeter implant placement accuracy (0.42-0.69 mm entry deviation; p < 0.001 vs. freehand), 30% faster intraoral scanning (44 s vs. 63 s), and 37% reduction in preparation errors (p < 0.05); ITSP Education: 22-30% faster skill acquisition (p < 0.05) and 99% reduction in assessment time (10.5 s vs. 2 h/case). Key Gaps: Limited to two randomized controlled trials (RCTs), hardware costs ($3500-$10,000), and lack of standardized validation protocols. Conclusions: While AR significantly enhances ITSP precision and training efficiency, widespread adoption requires longitudinal clinical validation, cost-effectiveness analyses, and interoperable digital workflows.