Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Electrical Synapses01:28

Electrical Synapses

10.2K
Electrical synapses found in all nervous systems play important and unique roles. In these synapses, the presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes are very close together (3.5 nm) and are actually physically connected by channel proteins forming gap junctions.
Gap junctions allow the current to pass directly from one cell to the next. In contrast, in the chemical synapse, the neurotransmitters carry the information through the synaptic cleft from one neuron to the next. They consist of two...
10.2K
The Role of Ion Channels in Neuronal Computation01:19

The Role of Ion Channels in Neuronal Computation

3.7K
A postsynaptic neuron usually receives numerous impulses from several other presynaptic neurons. The axon hillock of the postsynaptic neuron integrates all these signals and determines the likelihood of firing an action potential.
Sometimes a single EPSP is strong enough to induce an action potential in the postsynaptic neuron. However, multiple presynaptic inputs must often create EPSPs around the same time for the postsynaptic neuron to be sufficiently depolarized to fire an action potential....
3.7K
Overview of Synapses01:25

Overview of Synapses

4.8K
A synapse is a specialized structure where two neurons connect, allowing them to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another neuron. It is the point of communication between neurons. The term "synapse" is derived from the Greek word "synapsis," which means "conjunction." The entire process of neural communication revolves around the synapse. When activated, a neuron releases chemicals known as neurotransmitters into the synapse. These neurotransmitters cross the synapse and bind to...
4.8K
Neural Circuits01:25

Neural Circuits

2.6K
Neural circuits and neuronal pools are two of the main structures found in the nervous system. Neural circuits are networks of neurons that work together to carry out a specific task or process. They consist of interconnected neurons and glial cells, which provide structural and metabolic support.
Neuronal pools are collections of nerve cells with similar functions and interact through chemical and electrical signals. These pools include both interneurons (the central neural circuit nodes that...
2.6K
Chemical Synapses01:26

Chemical Synapses

4.3K
Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
Because chemical synapses depend on the release of neurotransmitter molecules from synaptic vesicles to pass on their signal, there is an approximately one millisecond delay between when the axon potential reaches the presynaptic terminal and when the neurotransmitter leads to opening of postsynaptic ion channels. Additionally, this signaling is...
4.3K
Chemical Synapses01:26

Chemical Synapses

11.3K
Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
Because chemical synapses depend on the release of neurotransmitter molecules from synaptic vesicles to pass on their signal, there is an approximately one millisecond delay between when the axon potential reaches the presynaptic terminal and when the neurotransmitter leads to opening of postsynaptic ion channels. Additionally, this signaling is...
11.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Factors Influencing Nurses' Person-Centred Care Practices in Dementia Care: A Scoping Review Based on the Donabedian Model.

Scandinavian journal of caring sciences·2026
Same author

Patient-Facing Radiology Communication with LLMs: Calibration Deficit and the Metadata Paradox.

Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Author Reply to "Posterior Rim Integrity: An Overlooked Predictor in Medial Femoral Condyle Cartilage Regeneration".

Arthroscopy : the journal of arthroscopic & related surgery : official publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association·2026
Same author

Minimum viable products in precision fermentation: defining translational milestones for food biotechnology.

Current opinion in biotechnology·2026
Same author

Amphiphilic Lipid-Single-Stranded DNA Conjugate-Mediated Cell Surface Engineering for Programmable Intercellular Tethering and Immune Synapse Formation.

Biomaterials research·2026
Same author

Development of a regional empirical algorithm for estimating biopolymeric carbon from satellite ocean color in the Eastern Yellow Sea.

Marine environmental research·2026
Same journal

Multiphysics Investigation on Thermal Characteristics of Internal Bio-Inspired V-Ribbed Cooling Channels for Outer Rotor PMSM.

Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Smart Logistics Model for Supply Chain Management via Brain-Inspired Geometric Deep Networks.

Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

A Systematic Taxonomy of the Sunflower Optimization Algorithm: Variants, Hybridization Strategies, Applications, and Research Directions.

Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Toward a Compositional Theory of Trust in Embodied Intelligence: A QNLP Framework for Modeling Context, Interaction, and Trustworthiness.

Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Empirical Logic for Bio-Inspired Soft Computing: Illustrative Applications in Control Engineering and Cluster Analysis.

Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

A Modified Multi-Strategy Dhole Optimization Algorithm and Its Engineering Applications.

Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 16, 2026

Optrode Array for Simultaneous Optogenetic Modulation and Electrical Neural Recording
06:36

Optrode Array for Simultaneous Optogenetic Modulation and Electrical Neural Recording

Published on: September 1, 2022

4.2K

Recent Advances in Optoelectronic Synaptic Devices for Neuromorphic Computing.

Heeseong Jang1, Seohyeon Ju1, Seeun Lee1

  • 1Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea.

Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Optoelectronic synaptic devices leverage light and electricity for brain-like computing. Recent advances in materials and mechanisms enhance synaptic plasticity for applications in artificial vision and neuromorphic computing.

Keywords:
applicationdimensional materialsneuromorphicoptoelectronicsynaptictrap

More Related Videos

Assembly and Characterization of Biomolecular Memristors Consisting of Ion Channel-doped Lipid Membranes
08:07

Assembly and Characterization of Biomolecular Memristors Consisting of Ion Channel-doped Lipid Membranes

Published on: March 9, 2019

8.3K
Author Spotlight: Innovative Methodology for Implanting and Securing Neural Probes in the Rodent Spinal Cord
04:35

Author Spotlight: Innovative Methodology for Implanting and Securing Neural Probes in the Rodent Spinal Cord

Published on: July 12, 2024

2.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 16, 2026

Optrode Array for Simultaneous Optogenetic Modulation and Electrical Neural Recording
06:36

Optrode Array for Simultaneous Optogenetic Modulation and Electrical Neural Recording

Published on: September 1, 2022

4.2K
Assembly and Characterization of Biomolecular Memristors Consisting of Ion Channel-doped Lipid Membranes
08:07

Assembly and Characterization of Biomolecular Memristors Consisting of Ion Channel-doped Lipid Membranes

Published on: March 9, 2019

8.3K
Author Spotlight: Innovative Methodology for Implanting and Securing Neural Probes in the Rodent Spinal Cord
04:35

Author Spotlight: Innovative Methodology for Implanting and Securing Neural Probes in the Rodent Spinal Cord

Published on: July 12, 2024

2.1K

Area of Science:

  • Neuromorphic Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Optoelectronics

Background:

  • Optoelectronic synaptic devices mimic biological synapses using light and electrical signals.
  • Advancements are crucial for developing next-generation computing architectures.
  • Understanding device mechanisms and material properties is key to improving performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent progress in optoelectronic synaptic devices.
  • To explore mechanisms, materials, synaptic properties, and applications.
  • To provide insights into future research directions.

Main Methods:

  • Discussion of fundamental working principles like oxygen vacancy ionization and heterojunction-based charge modulation.
  • Analysis of 0D, 1D, and 2D materials for device optimization.
  • Examination of synaptic properties including plasticity, adaptation, and learning mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Key mechanisms driving synaptic plasticity in optoelectronic devices identified.
  • Impact of various material dimensions (0D, 1D, 2D) on device performance analyzed.
  • Diverse synaptic behaviors and learning capabilities demonstrated.

Conclusions:

  • Optoelectronic synaptic devices show significant potential for advanced computing.
  • Bridging optics and neuromorphic engineering is vital for future innovations.
  • Applications span artificial vision, reservoir computing, and adaptive neuromorphic systems.