Irvine-Gass Syndrome Personalized Treatment Outcomes: A Retrospective Single-Center Cohort Study

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Retinal Diseases
• Surgical Complications

Background:

• Irvine-Gass syndrome (IGS), or pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (PCME), is a common complication after cataract surgery.
• Current treatment guidelines for IGS are not standardized, necessitating further research into optimal therapeutic strategies.
• Risk factors like diabetes and hypertension may influence treatment outcomes in IGS patients.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the efficacy of local versus systemic treatments for Irvine-Gass syndrome resolution.
• To evaluate the impact of risk factors (diabetes, hypertension) on IGS treatment outcomes.
• To inform personalized treatment approaches for IGS based on patient-specific factors.

Main Methods:

• A comparative study involving 136 eyes diagnosed with IGS.
• Patients were categorized into local treatment (LT) and systemic treatment (ST) groups.
• Key outcome measures included time to edema resolution, central subfield thickness (CST) via OCT, visual acuity (VA), and intraocular pressure (IOP).

Main Results:

• Both LT and ST significantly reduced CST and improved VA within 12 months, with no significant difference between the groups.
• Edema resolution occurred significantly faster in the local treatment group (p < 0.05).
• No significant differences in CST decrease, VA gain, or time to resolution were observed between patients with and without cardiovascular diseases.

Conclusions:

• Local treatment for IGS demonstrates non-inferiority to systemic treatment regarding CST reduction and VA improvement.
• The findings support a personalized treatment strategy for IGS, considering individual patient factors.
• Systemic treatment for IGS warrants critical evaluation due to potential side effects and comparable efficacy to local treatments.