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Extending the Single Case Analysis and Review Framework (SCARF-UI): A review and discussion.

Shawn P Gilroy¹, Jennifer R Ledford², Tyler-Curtis C Elliott³

¹Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Louisiana, USA.

Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis

|September 26, 2025

Summary

Single-case experimental design research synthesis faces challenges. The Single Case Analysis and Review Framework (SCARF) and its web interface (SCARF-UI) offer solutions for behavior analysts.

Keywords:

research synthesis single‐case design systematic review tutorial visual analysis

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Area of Science:

Behavior Analysis
Research Methodology

Background:

Single-case experimental designs are increasingly prevalent.
Synthesizing single-case research presents unique technical challenges due to publication rates and design features.
Existing synthesis methods may not fully capture the nuances of visual analysis inherent in single-case research.

Purpose of the Study:

To review technical challenges in single-case research synthesis.
To introduce the Single Case Analysis and Review Framework (SCARF) and its web-based user interface (SCARF-UI) as tools to aid synthesis.
To provide guidance on using SCARF-UI for behavior analysts and other single-case researchers.

Main Methods:

Review of technical challenges in single-case research synthesis.
Presentation and description of the SCARF-UI, a free and open-source software.
Inclusion of a guide, training materials, and demonstrations of SCARF-UI application.

Main Results:

SCARF-UI supplements traditional synthesis efforts while preserving visual analysis features.
The software is accessible, free, and open-source, with accompanying training resources.
Demonstrations showcase the utility of SCARF for prior research reviews.

Conclusions:

SCARF-UI addresses key technical challenges in single-case research synthesis.
The tool supports consistent appraisal of behavior analytic research.
Further discussion explores avenues for enhancing the consistent evaluation of single-case research.