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Ageing-driven molecular and functional changes in the bovine endometrium.

Marine Denis1,2, Doulaye Dembélé3, Christophe Richard1,2

  • 1Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, Jouy-en-Josas, France.

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Ageing significantly alters the bovine endometrium's gene expression and response to key reproductive signals like interferon tau (IFNT). This age-related uterine dysfunction may contribute to fertility decline in older females.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Aging Research
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Fertility decline in older females is a significant concern.
  • Ageing impacts cellular function and inflammation in the bovine uterus.
  • The specific effects of ageing on endometrial physiology are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of ageing on bovine endometrial function.
  • To compare the transcriptomic profiles and cellular responses of young and old female cattle endometria.
  • To assess the effects of interferon tau (IFNT) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on endometrial cells from different age groups.

Main Methods:

  • Transcriptome profiling of endometrial biopsies from young and old cloned female cattle.
  • In vitro stimulation of primary uterine glandular epithelial and stromal cells with IFNT.
  • In vitro stimulation of endometrial explants with LPS.
  • RT-qPCR validation of selected differentially expressed genes (DEG).

Main Results:

  • 859 differentially expressed genes (DEG) were identified between young and old females, linked to immune, inflammatory, metabolic, and cell organization pathways.
  • Glandular epithelial cells from old females showed a weaker response to IFNT compared to young females.
  • LPS treatment had a more pronounced effect on cytokine concentrations in young females, increasing IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10.

Conclusions:

  • Ageing alters the endometrial transcriptomic profile and its responsiveness to embryonic signals and inflammatory factors.
  • Age-related changes in the endometrium may contribute to reproductive failures in older females.
  • Further research is needed to confirm the role of age in uterine-related reproductive issues.