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Analysis of Fatty Acid Content and Composition in Microalgae

Analysis of Fatty Acid Content and Composition in Microalgae

Published on: October 1, 2013

Advancement in microalgal metabolites extraction techniques: Multi-factorial considerations.

Arya Mishra¹, Mamta Bhandari², Tarun Pant²

¹Department of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Netaji Subhas University of Technology (NSUT), New Delhi 110078, India.

Journal of Microbiological Methods

|September 26, 2025

Summary

Advanced green extraction methods for microalgae metabolites are reviewed. Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and pulsed electric field (PEF) offer sustainable, scalable options, while enzyme-assisted (EAE) and supercritical fluid (SFE) extraction yield more but are costly.

Keywords:

Green extraction techniques High-value metabolites Metabolite recovery Microalgae

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Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Green Chemistry
Phycology

Background:

Microalgae are valuable sources of lipids, pigments, proteins, and polysaccharides.
Cell wall complexity and high processing costs hinder metabolite recovery from microalgae.

Purpose of the Study:

To review and comparatively analyze advanced green extraction techniques for microalgal metabolites.
To assess extraction efficiency, cost, scalability, and environmental impact of various methods.

Main Methods:

Evaluation of enzyme-assisted (EAE), ionic liquid (ILs), microwave-assisted (MAE), milking, pressurized liquid (PLE), pulsed electric field (PEF), supercritical fluid (SFE), and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE).
Multi-factorial comparative analysis of cost, scalability, efficiency, and environmental footprint.
Assessment of integrated extraction approaches.

Main Results:

Enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE) and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) yield up to 97% but are expensive.
Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and pulsed electric field (PEF) offer a balance of scalability and sustainability.
UAE can reduce extraction time by up to 60% compared to conventional methods.
Integrated methods (e.g., ILs + SFE, UAE + EAE) show synergistic benefits, improving yield and reducing solvent use.

Conclusions:

The choice of extraction strategy depends on industrial priorities like cost, yield, and sustainability.
Advanced green extraction techniques are crucial for the sustainable commercialization of microalgal metabolites.
Integrated approaches present a promising avenue for optimizing metabolite recovery.