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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
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Author Spotlight: Methodologies and Advancements of Chronic Pain Management Research
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Brain biomarkers for CRPS.

Martin Lotze1, Sebastian Strauss2

  • 1Functional Imaging, Center for Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany.

Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
|September 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Brain biomarkers offer unique insights into complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), aiding diagnosis, monitoring, and personalized treatment strategies for chronic pain. This review explores neuroimaging and neurophysiological markers for CRPS patient stratification.

Keywords:
Basal gangliaBiomarkerCRPSChronic painFunctional MRIIPSM1S1TMS

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging
  • Pain Research

Background:

  • Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) shares brain biomarker characteristics with other chronic pain conditions, but also exhibits unique features.
  • Understanding the transition from sub-chronic to chronic pain phases is crucial for investigating pain syndrome development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review potential brain biomarkers for CRPS.
  • To differentiate the roles of these biomarkers in diagnosis, monitoring disease progression, and predicting treatment outcomes.
  • To explore their utility in stratifying patients for personalized interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic screening of neuroimaging literature on CRPS patients.
  • Analysis of alterations in gray matter volume (GMV).
  • Evaluation of structural and functional brain connectivity (DTI, rsFMRI) and task-specific brain activity.
  • Overview of cortical excitability and neurotransmitter balance changes.

Main Results:

  • Identified overlapping and unique brain biomarkers for CRPS compared to other chronic pain syndromes.
  • Documented alterations in GMV, brain connectivity, and task-based neural activity in CRPS patients.
  • Highlighted changes in cortical excitability and neurotransmitter systems.

Conclusions:

  • Brain biomarkers show potential for diagnosing CRPS, monitoring its course, and predicting outcomes.
  • Biomarker-guided patient stratification may enable more effective, individualized treatment strategies for CRPS.
  • Further research into these biomarkers is essential for advancing CRPS management.