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Thirty year trends in childhood asthma and allergic conditions in Poland

Grzegorz Brożek1, Bartłomiej Nowak1, Charles Prendergast1

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland.

Respiratory Medicine
|September 26, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Childhood asthma prevalence in Poland peaked in 2014 and has since stabilized. Allergic diseases like dermatitis and rhinitis continue to increase, indicating evolving environmental factors.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Asthma and allergic conditions are prevalent chronic childhood diseases with increasing global rates.
  • Regional variations in prevalence necessitate localized trend evaluations.
  • This study focuses on a 30-year epidemiological analysis in Chorzów, Poland.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess long-term trends in asthma and allergic conditions among Polish children.
  • To identify changes in prevalence over a three-decade period (1993-2023).
  • To examine sex-specific differences in disease trends.

Main Methods:

  • Repeated cross-sectional surveys conducted in 1993, 2002, 2007, 2014, and 2023.
  • Standardized parental questionnaires on symptoms, diagnoses, and treatments for children aged 7-10.
  • Statistical analysis using chi-square tests for trends and logistic regression, with age and sex adjustments.

Main Results:

  • Asthma prevalence rose from 3.4% in 1993 to a peak of 12.6% in 2014, then declined to 10.4% in 2023.
  • Allergic rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and dermatitis showed consistent increases; dermatitis rose from 2.4% to 18.1%.
  • Food allergy prevalence stabilized around 17% post-2014, with diverging asthma trends: decline in girls, increase in boys (2014-2023).

Conclusions:

  • Childhood asthma prevalence in Poland has stabilized after peaking in 2014, while other allergic diseases are increasing.
  • These trends suggest changing environmental and clinical factors influencing pediatric allergic diseases.
  • Continued monitoring and targeted public health interventions are crucial for managing these conditions.
Abstract

Keywords:
Allergic diseasesAsthmaChildrenEpidemiologyRespiratory symptomsTrends

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