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Single-photon dual-comb ghost imaging spectroscopy.

Daowang Peng1, Liang Mei2, Zhenfeng Gong1

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|September 26, 2025
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This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces single-photon dual-comb ghost imaging spectroscopy (DC-GIS) for ultra-sensitive, high-speed spectral measurements. This breakthrough enables high-resolution spectroscopy even in photon-scarce environments.

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Area of Science:

  • Spectroscopy
  • Quantum Optics
  • Metrology

Background:

  • Single-photon spectroscopy offers ultra-high sensitivity but struggles with speed and resolution in low-light conditions.
  • Existing methods face challenges in achieving both high-speed and high-resolution spectral measurements simultaneously, especially with limited photon counts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel spectroscopic technique capable of high-speed and high-resolution measurements under photon-deficient conditions.
  • To demonstrate the efficacy of single-photon dual-comb ghost imaging spectroscopy (DC-GIS) for demanding spectral analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a mode-resolved dual-comb matrix for sample interrogation.
  • Employed ghost imaging principles with photon-counting signals to reconstruct spectral information.
  • Developed a method to directly calculate high-resolution spectra in milliseconds.

Main Results:

  • Achieved 125 MHz spectral resolution for vib-rotational transitions of acetylene in 6.4 ms.
  • Demonstrated ultra-high sensitivity (0.5 με) for 125 km fiber sensing with femtowatt-level power.
  • Successfully measured spectral data from photon-scarce scenarios.

Conclusions:

  • Single-photon DC-GIS overcomes the long-standing challenge of achieving high-speed and high-resolution spectroscopy in photon-scarce environments.
  • This technique significantly advances the capabilities of spectroscopy for cutting-edge research and applications requiring extreme sensitivity and speed.