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Perioperative Management of Paediatric Hypertension

Nicole Barbosa1, Cara Redelinghuys2, Palesa Mogane2

  • 1Department of Anaesthesia, School of Clinical Medicine, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 27, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Managing paediatric hypertension perioperatively is complex due to varied causes and end-organ damage risks. Early identification, preoperative optimization, and multidisciplinary care are crucial for better outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Anesthesiology
  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Paediatric hypertension poses unique perioperative challenges, differing from adult hypertension in etiology and management.
  • Variable prevalence and potential for end-organ damage necessitate careful consideration in pediatric surgical patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the classification, diagnosis, and causes of pediatric hypertension.
  • To provide context for perioperative management, emphasizing preoperative optimization, intraoperative control, and postoperative care.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on pediatric hypertension in the perioperative setting.
  • Discussion of anesthetic planning, pharmacological interventions, and monitoring strategies.
  • Highlighting management of specific conditions like phaeochromocytoma and aortic coarctation.

Main Results:

  • Effective management requires early identification and thorough preoperative assessment.
  • Intraoperative blood pressure control and prompt postoperative intervention are critical.
  • Tailored strategies and interdisciplinary collaboration are essential for complex cases.

Conclusions:

  • Multidisciplinary care and understanding pediatric pathophysiology are key to reducing morbidity.
  • Postoperative intensive care is vital for monitoring complications and achieving long-term blood pressure control.
  • Comprehensive perioperative strategies improve outcomes in pediatric hypertension management.

Keywords:
hypertensionpaediatricperioperative

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