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A Computerized Test Battery to Study Pharmacodynamic Effects on the Central Nervous System of Cholinergic Drugs in Early Phase Drug Development
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Focus on Cognitive Enhancement: A Narrative Overview of Nootropics and "Smart Drug" Use and Misuse

Fabrizio Schifano1, Stefania Bonaccorso2,3, Davide Arillotta1,4

  • 1Psychopharmacology, Drug Misuse and Novel Psychoactive Substances Research Unit, Hertfordshire Medical School, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK.

Biology
|September 27, 2025
PubMed

Keywords:
cognitioncognitive dysfunctioncognitive enhancersdrug misusenootropicspsychopharmacologysmart drugs

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