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Veterans Training Service Dogs for Other Veterans: An Animal-Assisted Intervention for Post-Traumatic Stress

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Service dog training may slow biological aging in women veterans with PTSD. While telomere length increased in the service dog group, heart rate variability decreased, indicating increased stress.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Veterans' Health
  • Biomedical Science

Background:

  • Limited research exists on post-deployment reintegration needs for women veterans.
  • Non-traditional support systems, such as animal companionship and volunteering, may improve mental health outcomes for veterans with PTSD.
  • The biopsychosocial model provides a framework for understanding the multifaceted needs of veterans.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of an 8-week service dog training program (SDTP) on biological markers (telomere length, heart rate variability) and psychological outcomes (PTSD symptom severity, perceived stress, anxiety) in female veterans with PTSD.
  • To examine the moderating role of combat exposure on these effects.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial involving female veterans (ages 32-72) diagnosed with PTSD.
  • Participants were assigned to either an 8-week SDTP or a comparison group receiving dog training videos.
  • Outcomes including telomere length, heart rate variability, PTSD symptoms, stress, and anxiety were assessed pre-, mid-, and post-intervention.

Main Results:

  • Telomere length showed a trend towards increasing in the SDTP group (indicating reduced cellular senescence) compared to the comparison group, with combat exposure moderating this effect.
  • Heart rate variability decreased in the SDTP group, suggesting increased stress, which was not moderated by combat exposure.
  • Significant reductions in PTSD symptom severity, perceived stress, and anxiety were observed in both groups from pre- to post-intervention, with no significant differences between the groups or by combat exposure.

Conclusions:

  • Participation in an 8-week service dog training program may influence biological aging markers in female veterans with PTSD, though HRV suggests increased stress.
  • While psychological symptoms improved across both groups, the specific benefits of the SDTP on these measures were not distinct.
  • Further research is needed to understand the complex interplay between service dog training, combat exposure, and the well-being of women veterans.