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Development and Validation of the Safety Behavior Assessment Form-PTSD Scale.

Jason T Goodson¹, Madison E Fraizer², Gerald J Haeffel²

¹VA Salt Lake City Healthcare Systems, PTSD Clinical Team, Building 16, 500 Foothill Boulevard, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA.

Behavioral Sciences (Basel, Switzerland)

|September 27, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed the Safety Behavior Assessment Form-PTSD scale (SBAF-PTSD) to measure safety behaviors in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This new scale is reliable, valid, and useful for tracking treatment progress in PTSD patients.

Keywords:

PTSD anxiety measurement reliability safety behaviors treatment monitoring validity

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Area of Science:

Psychiatry
Clinical Psychology
Behavioral Science

Background:

Safety behaviors are crucial in anxiety disorders but understudied in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
A lack of validated instruments hinders the assessment of PTSD-specific safety behaviors.
This gap limits research and clinical understanding of these behaviors in PTSD.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a brief, psychometrically sound measure for assessing safety behaviors specific to PTSD.
To adapt an existing validated measure for general safety behaviors into a PTSD-specific scale.
To evaluate the reliability, validity, and clinical utility of the new scale.

Main Methods:

Adapted a validated general safety behavior measure into a 10-item questionnaire (SBAF-PTSD scale).
Conducted four studies with clinical and non-clinical populations to assess the scale's psychometric properties.
Examined internal consistency, test-retest reliability, inter-item correlations, and convergent/divergent validity.
Assessed the scale's ability to predict treatment outcomes in veterans with PTSD.

Main Results:

The SBAF-PTSD scale demonstrated strong internal consistency and test-retest reliability across all studies.
Convergent and divergent validity were supported, indicating the scale accurately measures PTSD-specific safety behaviors.
The scale showed clinical utility by predicting treatment outcomes in American military veterans with PTSD.

Conclusions:

The SBAF-PTSD scale is a reliable and valid measure for assessing safety behaviors in individuals with PTSD.
This new tool can be utilized in both research settings and clinical practice for treatment monitoring.
The scale addresses a critical need for specialized instruments in PTSD research and intervention.