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Antibiotic Selection

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Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism

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Synergism is a useful mechanism where combining two or more drugs is more effective than each constituent used alone. Such combinations are also called supra-additive interactions. The drugs collectively enhance the final therapeutic effect by acting on different targets. Another advantage is that the low dose of each constituent drug is sufficient to achieve the desired effect. This helps reduce the duration of therapy and lower the adverse effects of these drugs.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 16, 2026

High Throughput Co-culture Assays for the Investigation of Microbial Interactions

High Throughput Co-culture Assays for the Investigation of Microbial Interactions

Published on: October 15, 2019

Co-Culturing Bacillus Strains for Enhanced Antimicrobial Activity.

Charlie Tran¹, Russell S Addison¹, Ian E Cock²

¹Institute of Biomedicines and Glycomics (IBG), Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia.

Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)

|September 27, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Co-culturing Bacillus strains significantly enhances bacterial growth and antimicrobial compound production. This multi-strain approach yields potent new antimicrobials with improved stability, offering a promising alternative to traditional antibiotics.

Keywords:

Bacillus antimicrobials co-culture

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Last Updated: Jan 16, 2026

High Throughput Co-culture Assays for the Investigation of Microbial Interactions

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Biotechnology
Drug Discovery

Background:

Bacillus probiotic mixtures are recognized for antimicrobial production.
Need to explore synergistic potential of co-cultured Bacillus strains.
Understanding mechanisms of combined formulation is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the impact of co-culturing Bacillus strains on bacterial growth and antimicrobial production.
To analyze the chemical profiles and antimicrobial activity of co-cultured Bacillus extracts.
To investigate the stability and mechanisms of action of produced antimicrobial metabolites.

Main Methods:

Bacillus strains (BPR-11, BPR-16, BPR-17) were cultured as mono- and multi-cultures.
Bacterial growth and density were measured via optical density.
Bioactive extracts were analyzed using LC-MS; antimicrobial activity tested against pathogens.

Main Results:

Co-cultured strains showed significantly higher bacterial growth (OD 2.67) compared to monocultures.
Co-culture extract exhibited potent antimicrobial activity (MIC 25 µg/mL) against C. perfringens, E. coli, S. aureus.
LC-MS revealed increased production of antimicrobial metabolites like surfactin C in co-cultures; surfactin C analogues showed high stability.

Conclusions:

Multi-strain co-culturing of Bacillus probiotics is a viable strategy for enhanced antimicrobial development.
Synergistic effects in co-cultures lead to increased growth and potent antimicrobial metabolite production.
Findings provide insights into developing novel, stable antimicrobial agents from microbial consortia.