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Thermal and Structural Behavior of Investment Casting Molds Modified with Biodegradable Walnut Shell Chips.

Marcin Małek1, Janusz Kluczyński2, Rafał Grzejda3

  • 1Institute of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Military University of Technology, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland.

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Summary

Adding walnut shell chips to ceramic molds significantly boosts gas permeability. This sustainable method creates controlled porosity, enhancing gas transport for industrial applications.

Keywords:
binderscasting moldscorundumgas permeabilitynano-SiO2precision castingwalnut shell chips

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Ceramic Engineering
  • Sustainable Manufacturing

Background:

  • Traditional ceramic mold fabrication often relies on synthetic pore-forming agents.
  • Developing cost-effective and sustainable methods for controlling mold porosity is crucial for advanced applications.
  • Biodegradable organic additives offer a potential route to achieve tailored porosity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of incorporating ground walnut shell chips into a specific layer of a ceramic mold.
  • To evaluate the effect of this modification on the mold's gas permeability across a wide temperature range.
  • To assess the feasibility of using natural waste materials for creating controlled porosity in ceramic molds.

Main Methods:

  • Spherical ceramic mold samples (PW1 reference, PW2 modified) were prepared using the dip-and-sprinkle method.
  • PW2 incorporated 5 wt.% ground walnut shell chips into its fifth layer.
  • Gas permeability was measured from 25 °C to 950 °C using a custom-built high-temperature test rig.

Main Results:

  • The inclusion of walnut shell chips increased mold gas permeability by approximately 42% at ambient temperature.
  • A 36% increase in gas permeability was observed at 950 °C.
  • The enhanced permeability is attributed to the formation of macro-voids after the thermal decomposition of the walnut shell chips.

Conclusions:

  • Selective layer modification with biodegradable organic additives, like walnut shell chips, is a viable strategy for enhancing ceramic mold gas transport.
  • This approach offers a sustainable, cost-effective, and scalable alternative to conventional pore-forming techniques.
  • Tailoring mold properties using natural waste materials opens new possibilities in ceramic manufacturing.