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Related Concept Videos

Plastic Deformation in Circular Shafts01:20

Plastic Deformation in Circular Shafts

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When materials are subjected to forces that surpass their yield strength, they undergo a process known as plastic deformation. This results in a permanent alteration or strain in their structure. This concept can be specifically applied to circular shafts, where the deformation leads to a change in its shape. The precise evaluation of this plastic deformation requires understanding the stress distribution within the circular shaft, which is achieved by calculating the maximum shearing stress in...
445
Deformation in a Circular Shaft01:10

Deformation in a Circular Shaft

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One of the distinctive characteristics of circular shafts is their ability to maintain their cross-sectional integrity under torsion. In other words, each cross-section continues to exist as a flat, unaltered entity, simply rotating like a solid, rigid slab. To understand the distribution of shearing stress within such a shaft, consider a cylindrical section inside this circular shaft. This section has a length of L and a radius of R, with one end fixed. The radius of the cylindrical section is...
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Vibrating Concrete01:19

Vibrating Concrete

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Mechanical vibrators are instrumental in compacting newly poured concrete within formwork and around reinforcements. This process is essential to eliminate trapped air pockets and establish a dense concrete mass. One widely used method is vibrating by internal vibrators, often referred to as a poker vibrator or immersion vibrator. It is rapidly inserted through the full depth of the freshly laid concrete and slightly extends into the layer below it (which remains in a plastic state). Consistent...
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Behavior of Concrete Under Compressive Load01:23

Behavior of Concrete Under Compressive Load

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Concrete exhibits specific behaviors under different compressive loads. Understanding this is crucial for understanding its structural integrity. When concrete undergoes uniaxial compression, it tends to develop cracks that run parallel to the direction of the force. These parallel cracks stem from localized tensile stresses that occur perpendicular to the compression direction. Additionally, angled cracks may appear due to the formation of shear planes.
As the concrete specimen fractures under...
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Residual Stresses in Bending01:18

Residual Stresses in Bending

522
In the study of elastoplastic members subjected to bending moments, understanding the loading and unloading phases is crucial for assessing material behavior and structural integrity. During the loading phase, as the bending moment increases, the material initially responds elastically, adhering to Hooke's Law, where stress is directly proportional to strain. When the load exceeds the yield strength, plastic deformation occurs, resulting in permanent strain and deformation that remains even...
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Fatigue01:21

Fatigue

801
Fatigue occurs when materials rupture under repeated or fluctuating loads, even at stress levels far below their static breaking strength. It typically results in brittle failure, even for ductile materials. It is a critical consideration in designing machines and structural components subjected to repetitive or varying loads. The nature of these loadings can range from fluctuating loads like unbalanced pump impellers causing vibrations to repeatedly bending a thin steel rod wire back and forth...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 16, 2026

Finite Element Modeling for the Simulation of the Quasi-Static Compression of Corrugated Tapered Tubes
06:34

Finite Element Modeling for the Simulation of the Quasi-Static Compression of Corrugated Tapered Tubes

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Dynamic Behavior of Corrugated Cardboard Edge Damaged by Vibration Input Environments.

Seungjoon Kim1, Yeonjin Jang1, Wanseung Kim1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Corrugated cardboard packaging matches expanded polystyrene (EPS) in vibration durability for appliances. This eco-friendly material offers a sustainable alternative for protective packaging, reducing environmental impact.

Keywords:
Basquin’s power lawcorrugated cardboarddynamic Stiffnessexpanded polystyrene (EPS)packagingvibration damage

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Last Updated: Jan 16, 2026

Finite Element Modeling for the Simulation of the Quasi-Static Compression of Corrugated Tapered Tubes
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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Sustainable Packaging

Background:

  • Transportation vibrations pose risks to packaged home appliances.
  • Expanded polystyrene (EPS) is a common but less sustainable packaging material.
  • Corrugated cardboard is a potential eco-friendly alternative.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the dynamic performance and degradation of corrugated cardboard packaging.
  • To compare cardboard's vibration resistance with EPS.
  • To assess cardboard's suitability as a sustainable packaging solution.

Main Methods:

  • Simulated random vibration tests on packaged refrigerators.
  • Relaxation tests for time-dependent stress decay.
  • Cantilever beam experiments for dynamic stiffness degradation.
  • Statistical load count analysis using auto-spectral methods and Basquin's power law.

Main Results:

  • Corrugated cardboard demonstrated comparable support stiffness to EPS under vibration.
  • Vibration-induced damage showed an exponential reduction in stiffness.
  • Fatigue behavior and service life were modeled using statistical load count analyses.
  • Cardboard offers environmental sustainability advantages over EPS.

Conclusions:

  • Corrugated cardboard is a viable, eco-friendly alternative to EPS for appliance packaging.
  • The study provides quantitative data on cardboard's vibration durability.
  • Findings support the development of sustainable packaging with enhanced performance.