Ultrasound-Guided Interventions for Neuropathic Pain: A Narrative Pictorial Review

Neuropathic pain presents a persistent therapeutic challenge, arising from diverse etiologies such as trigeminal neuralgia, postherpetic neuralgia, post-amputation pain, painful polyneuropathy, peripheral nerve injury pain, and painful radiculopathy. Given the limitations and side effects associated with pharmacologic treatments, interest in interventional therapies has surged. Herein, ultrasound guidance provides real-time, radiation-free visualization that enhances procedural accuracy and safety. This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on ultrasound-guided techniques-including nerve blocks, pulsed radiofrequency, hydrodissection, and peripheral nerve stimulation-in the management of neuropathic pain. These minimally invasive approaches demonstrate potential in providing significant and durable pain relief, enhancing functional outcomes, and reducing reliance on systemic medications. Notably, much of the existing literature comprises small-scale or observational studies and larger randomized controlled trials are therefore essential to confirm efficacy, define optimal treatment parameters, and inform clinical guidelines for broader adoption.