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Related Concept Videos

Vitamins01:30

Vitamins

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Vitamins, derived from the Latin word for life, are essential organic substances required in small quantities for optimal growth and overall well-being. Unlike other organic nutrients, vitamins don't act as sources of energy or building materials but rather facilitate these nutrients' utilization by the body. Vitamins are predominantly coenzymes, assisting enzymes in specific chemical actions, like the oxidation of glucose for energy involving B vitamins. Most vitamins are not produced...
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Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

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The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
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Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
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Overview of the Vascular System01:20

Overview of the Vascular System

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The vascular system comprises an extensive network of arteries, capillaries, and veins. The vascular system can be broadly divided into the blood and lymphatic systems. Typically, blood vessels can be categorized into three histological regions: tunica intima, tunica media, and tunica adventitia. The tunica intima consists of a single layer of endothelial cells attached to the basal lamina. Underlying the basal lamina is a connective tissue layer and an elastic lamina that gives stability and...
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Vascular Resistance01:20

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Vascular resistance is a critical concept in understanding blood flow dynamics in the circulatory system. It refers to the resistance that blood encounters as it flows through the blood vessels. This resistance is a key factor in determining blood pressure and cardiac workload.
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Cardiovascular Drugs: Classification based on Therapeutic Indications01:18

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Cardiovascular diseases, encompassing a range of conditions, can significantly affect the heart's operations and the overall circulatory system. These conditions impair the heart's ability to pump blood, leading to a deficit in oxygen supply to crucial organs. Anomalies in the heart's electrical system, known as arrhythmias, can cause heartbeats to accelerate or slow down. Usually, heart rates increase during physical activity and decrease while resting or sleeping. However,...
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Connective Tissue Cell Types01:22

Connective Tissue Cell Types

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Connective tissue develops from the mesoderm of a developing embryo and consists of cells, fibers, and ground substance: a gel-like material containing large complexes of carbohydrates and proteins. Connective tissue was first identified as a separate tissue family in the 18th century, and Johannes Peter Muller coined the term connective tissue.
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Vitamins, Vascular Health and Disease.

George Ayoub1

  • 1Psychology Department, Santa Barbara City College, Santa Barbara, CA 93109, USA.

Nutrients
|September 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vitamins, particularly folate (vitamin B9), are crucial for endothelial health and preventing vascular diseases. Supplementation and dietary strategies can improve vascular function and reduce disease risk.

Keywords:
ASDautismcognitive declinedementiaendotheliumfolatefolate receptor autoantibodyhomocysteinelymphedema

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Vascular Biology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Endothelial cells are vital for vascular tone, blood fluidity, and integrity.
  • Endothelial dysfunction, linked to poor vitamin absorption, contributes to cardiovascular and other vascular diseases.
  • B-group vitamins, C, D, and E are essential for endothelial function and mitigating vascular damage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of B-group vitamins, especially folate, in maintaining vascular health.
  • To discuss dietary sources and therapeutic forms of folate, including L-methylfolate and levoleucovorin.
  • To highlight interventions for preventing hyperhomocysteinemia and related vascular disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of the role of vitamins in endothelial function.
  • Analysis of dietary sources and metabolic pathways of folate.
  • Examination of therapeutic strategies for vascular health.

Main Results:

  • Folate (vitamin B9) is central to one-carbon metabolism, converting homocysteine to methionine, thus reducing vascular toxicity.
  • Vitamins B12, B6, C, D, and E also support endothelial function through various mechanisms.
  • Active folate forms like L-methylfolate bypass metabolic conversion issues.

Conclusions:

  • Targeted vitamin supplementation and dietary improvements are key to restoring endothelial homeostasis.
  • Interventions can slow disease progression in disorders linked to endothelial dysfunction.
  • Optimizing vitamin intake is essential for improving patient outcomes in vascular diseases.