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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...

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Circulating miRNAs as Non-Invasive Biomarkers in Pancreatic Cancer: A Two-Phase Plasma-Based Study.

Vlad Alexandru Ionescu1,2, Gina Gheorghe1,2, Coralia Bleotu3,4,5

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila Bucharest, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|September 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study identifies five microRNAs (miRNAs) in plasma that are significantly elevated in advanced pancreatic cancer patients. These miRNAs show potential as minimally invasive biomarkers for detecting and staging pancreatic cancer.

Keywords:
circulating biomarkersmiRNAnon-invasive biomarkerspancreatic cancerreal-time PCR

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biomarkers

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are increasingly recognized for their diagnostic and prognostic value in pancreatic cancer.
  • Identifying specific circulating miRNAs can aid in early detection and patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify a panel of circulating miRNAs as potential biomarkers for advanced pancreatic cancer.
  • To validate the differential expression of candidate miRNAs in patient plasma samples.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective pilot study involving 23 advanced pancreatic cancer patients and 10 healthy controls.
  • Real-time PCR used to screen 176 miRNAs in pooled plasma and validate selected candidates in individual samples.
  • Statistical analysis performed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 29.

Main Results:

  • 22 miRNAs showed differential expression between pancreatic cancer patients and controls.
  • Five miRNAs (hsa-miR-100-5p, hsa-miR-122-5p, hsa-miR-885-5p, hsa-miR-34a-5p, hsa-miR-193a-5p) were significantly upregulated in cancer patients (p < 0.001).
  • Circulating levels of these miRNAs correlated with tumor stage (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:

  • A distinct circulating miRNA signature is associated with advanced pancreatic cancer.
  • The identified miRNAs hold promise as minimally invasive biomarkers for pancreatic cancer detection and staging.
  • Further large-scale, multicenter studies are needed to confirm clinical utility, especially in early-stage disease.