Outcomes of Pars Plana Vitrectomy in Complicated Retinal Detachment Secondary to Retinal Capillary Hemangioblastoma

Background and Objectives: Here, we report the anatomical and functional outcomes of Pars Plana Vitrectomy (PPV) with feeder vessel ligation, with or without endoresection in cases of retinal detachment (RD) secondary to retinal capillary hemangioblastoma (RCH). Materials and Methods: This retrospective observational study included 12 eyes with RD secondary to RCH. Based on the location of the lesion and the features of the RD, eyes were divided into two groups. Seven eyes with RCH located in Zone 2 or Zone 3, associated with tractional retinal detachment (TRD), underwent PPV with feeder vessel ligation and tumor endoresection. Five eyes, either with RCH in Zone 2 or Zone 3 associated with exudative retinal detachment or with RCH in Zone 1 associated with RD, underwent PPV with feeder vessel ligation alone, without tumor endoresection. Outcome measures included local tumor control, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), anatomical success, and rates of complications. Results: RCH regressed completely in 100% of eyes with no evidence of recurrence. The mean follow-up was 4.6 years. In the endoresection group, the mean BCVA was 2.18 ± 0.3 logMAR at baseline and 0.95 ± 0.5 logMAR after surgery (p = 0.018), whereas in the second group, the baseline mean BCVA was 1.33 ± 0.2 logMAR and 1.52 ± 0.7 logMAR postoperatively. In the first group, retinal attachment was achieved in all eyes, whereas in the second group, two eyes presented with persistent RD and proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). No cases of phthisis bulbi or neovascular glaucoma were observed. Conclusions: PPV combined with feeder vessel ligation and endoresection appears to be an effective treatment for TRD secondary to RCH located in Zones 2 and 3, providing satisfactory anatomical and visual outcomes considering the severity of the disease. In cases where tumor location precludes endoresection, PPV with feeder vessel ligation alone may still be a viable option, although the potential risk of PVR could persist.