A Simple Deterministic Model of Protection and Cost Benefits from Vaccinating Indian Cattle Against Infectious Bovine...

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Medicine
• Epidemiology
• Economic Entomology

Background:

• Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) is a significant endemic disease in India, causing substantial economic losses in the dairy sector.
• Limited access to affordable, indigenously manufactured vaccines previously hindered widespread control efforts.
• Existing IBR control strategies from other countries may not be directly transferable to India's unique farming systems and social contexts.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop an optimal immunization strategy for controlling Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) in India.
• To evaluate the benefits and costs associated with vaccination against IBR.
• To propose evidence-based recommendations for vaccination programs tailored to Indian dairy enterprises.

Main Methods:

• Linear deterministic modeling was utilized to simulate and analyze vaccination strategies.
• The study assessed both animal protection and economic factors related to IBR control.
• Model parameters were adjusted to reflect India's specific agricultural and social conditions.

Main Results:

• Effective IBR control requires a combination of robust vaccination practices, stringent farm biosecurity, and regular re-vaccination.
• A recommended strategy includes primary vaccination with two doses, followed by biannual single-dose boosters.
• Achieving 70% vaccination coverage in the cattle population is crucial for successful disease control.

Conclusions:

• The newly available indigenously manufactured inactivated DIVA vaccine presents a viable tool for IBR management in India.
• A comprehensive approach integrating vaccination, biosecurity, and strategic re-vaccination is essential for controlling IBR.
• The proposed vaccination program provides a cost-effective and protective strategy for the Indian dairy industry.