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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 16, 2026

High Throughput In Vitro Assessment of Latency Reversing Agents on HIV Transcription and Splicing

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Published on: January 22, 2019

RNA Polymerase III Regulates HIV Replication and Latency.

Landon Thompson¹, Imran Jamal¹, Juthika Das¹

¹Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, NY 12208, USA.

|September 27, 2025

Summary

Targeting RNA Polymerase III (RNAP III) can reactivate latent HIV reservoirs. Inhibiting RNAP III boosts HIV transcription, offering a novel strategy for HIV latency elimination.

Keywords:

HIV latency HIV reactivation RNA Pol III

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Identification of Nucleolar Factors During HIV-1 Replication Through Rev Immunoprecipitation and Mass Spectrometry

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Published on: June 26, 2019

Area of Science:

Virology
Molecular Biology
Immunology

Background:

Eliminating latent Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) reservoirs is a major hurdle in achieving a cure.
Understanding the mechanisms regulating HIV latency is crucial for developing effective therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of RNA Polymerase III (RNAP III) in regulating HIV latency and replication.
To explore RNAP III as a potential therapeutic target for reactivating latent HIV reservoirs.

Main Methods:

Pharmacological inhibition of RNAP III in cell lines (T and monocytic) and primary CD4 T cells.
Assessment of HIV transcription and latency reactivation using HIV-1 pseudotyped and HIV-1-Bal viruses.
Quantification of total HIV DNA to assess viral persistence.

Main Results:

Pharmacological inhibition of RNAP III strongly reactivated HIV latency in various cell models.
RNAP III inhibition significantly increased HIV transcription in cell lines and primary CD4 T cells up to 72 hours.
Total HIV DNA levels remained unchanged, indicating reactivation without increased viral production.

Conclusions:

RNA Polymerase III plays a previously unrecognized role in restricting HIV transcription.
Targeting RNAP III-driven mechanisms represents a novel strategy to reactivate latent HIV reservoirs.
RNAP III inhibition offers a potential pathway to enhance the efficacy of HIV eradication therapies.