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Examining Atopic Dermatitis Through the One Health Concept Lens.

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The One Health approach reveals that rural environments protect against atopic dermatitis (AD) by integrating human, animal, and environmental health. Climate change and urbanization worsen AD, necessitating diverse, sustainable solutions.

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Area of Science:

  • Integrative medicine
  • Environmental health
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a complex, chronic skin condition.
  • The One Health framework integrates human, animal, and environmental health to address global challenges.
  • Urbanization, climate change, and pollution are increasingly linked to allergic diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the application of the One Health framework to atopic dermatitis (AD).
  • To identify etiological factors of AD influenced by environmental and lifestyle changes.
  • To propose innovative, interdisciplinary prevention and management strategies for AD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of One Health principles applied to AD.
  • Analysis of etiological factors including urbanization, climate change, and pollution.
  • Examination of human-dog microbiota sharing and the "old farm effect" for protective factors.
  • Web data mining to correlate public interest with environmental factors.

Main Results:

  • Rural environments and traditional lifestyles show protective effects against AD, evidenced by human-dog microbiota studies and the "old farm effect".
  • Climate change (e.g., increased CO2, extreme weather) exacerbates AD symptoms and allergenicity.
  • Environmental pollutants (e.g., black carbon) negatively impact skin microbiome and immune barriers, increasing AD prevalence.
  • Web data mining reveals correlations between public interest in AD and environmental factors, highlighting awareness gaps.

Conclusions:

  • An integrated One Health approach is crucial for understanding and managing AD.
  • Reversing trends of urbanization and environmental degradation, and promoting lifestyle diversity, are key for AD prevention.
  • Innovative cross-species solutions, including veterinary interventions and digital tools, offer promising avenues for personalized and sustainable AD care.