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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Force Microscopy01:08

Atomic Force Microscopy

4.4K
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a type of scanning probe microscopy that can analyze topographic details of various specimens like ceramics, glass, polymers, and biological samples. AFM offers over 1000 times more resolution than the optical imaging system. Images generated from AFM are three-dimensional surface profiles, offering an advantage over the flat, two-dimensional images from other imaging techniques.
The AFM Probe
The probe is regarded as the heart of any AFM setup and comprises the...
4.4K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 16, 2026

Micro-Mechanical Characterization of Lung Tissue Using Atomic Force Microscopy
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Micro-Mechanical Characterization of Lung Tissue Using Atomic Force Microscopy

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Atomic Force Microscopy-Based Nanomechanical Signatures for Staging Classification and Drug Response in Pulmonary

Andreas Stylianou1,2, Katerina Polemidiotou1,2, Vassilis Alimisis3,4

  • 1Cancer Mechanobiology and Applied Biophysics Group, Basic and Translational Cancer Research Center (BTCRC), School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, 1516, Cyprus.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|September 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) identifies unique nanomechanical fingerprints (NMFs) to stage pulmonary fibrosis (PF) and monitor treatment. This novel approach offers a powerful diagnostic tool for personalized PF therapies.

Keywords:
biomarkersbleomycinmechanobiologypirfenidonesupport vector machines

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 16, 2026

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Extracting the Young's Modulus of Native Murine Pulmonary Basement Membranes from Atomic Force Microscopy Derived Force Maps
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Atomic Force Microscopy Cantilever-Based Nanoindentation: Mechanical Property Measurements at the Nanoscale in Air and Fluid
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Atomic Force Microscopy Cantilever-Based Nanoindentation: Mechanical Property Measurements at the Nanoscale in Air and Fluid

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Mechanobiology
  • Pulmonary Medicine

Background:

  • Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) therapies lack consistent effectiveness and specific biomarkers for early diagnosis and monitoring.
  • Personalized treatment strategies are crucial due to variable drug responses and PF's progression involving tissue structural and mechanical changes.
  • Mechanobiology is central to understanding PF, highlighting the need for tools that assess tissue mechanics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) can identify unique nanomechanical fingerprints (NMFs) for PF staging and treatment monitoring.
  • To establish AFM-based NMFs as potential diagnostic biomarkers for PF.
  • To evaluate the utility of AFM-NMFs in assessing treatment response in PF models.

Main Methods:

  • AFM was used to measure NMFs in human PF biopsy samples and bleomycin-induced murine PF models.
  • NMFs were analyzed in mice treated with pirfenidone, a collagen I-reducing drug.
  • AFM data were correlated with histopathology, polarized microscopy, second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging, and collagen I gene expression.

Main Results:

  • Distinct NMFs were identified in human PF samples and tracked during PF progression in mice.
  • Changes in NMFs correlated significantly with collagen I content, histological fibrosis scores, and SHG microscopy findings.
  • In silico analysis supported the diagnostic potential of NMFs, and AFM successfully assessed pirfenidone treatment outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • AFM-based NMFs demonstrate potential as novel biomarkers for PF staging and treatment monitoring.
  • This study provides the first evidence for AFM-NMFs as a complementary diagnostic tool for PF, aiding in personalized therapy development.
  • AFM offers a powerful method to quantitatively assess tissue mechanics for improved PF management.