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Tooth Anatomy

Tooth Anatomy

The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 16, 2026

Author Spotlight: Understanding Dynamic Cellular Behaviors in Adult Mouse Dental Tissue Renewal and Repairment

Author Spotlight: Understanding Dynamic Cellular Behaviors in Adult Mouse Dental Tissue Renewal and Repairment

Published on: October 27, 2023

Integrative Spatial and Single-Nucleus Transcriptomics Elucidate Cell Lineage Dynamics in Human Tooth Morphogenesis.

Xiaohang Chen¹, Gaochi Li², Jian Zhang³

¹Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan), Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China; Genetics Laboratory, Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City (Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College), Shenzhen, China.

International Dental Journal

|September 27, 2025

Summary

This study maps cell types and gene expression in developing human embryonic teeth, revealing key regulators for tooth regeneration and stem cell differentiation.

Keywords:

Human embryonic teeth Single-nucleus RNA sequencing Spatial RNA sequencing Spatial-temporal expression pattern

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Last Updated: Jan 16, 2026

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Published on: October 27, 2023

Establishing Organoids from Human Tooth as a Powerful Tool Toward Mechanistic Research and Regenerative Therapy

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The Slice Culture Method for Following Development of Tooth Germs In Explant Culture

The Slice Culture Method for Following Development of Tooth Germs In Explant Culture

Published on: November 13, 2013

Area of Science:

Developmental Biology
Genomics
Cell Biology

Background:

Understanding odontogenic cell identity is crucial for tooth development and regeneration research.
Human embryonic tooth development involves complex cellular interactions and differentiation processes.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore cellular composition, differentiation pathways, and regulatory networks in human embryonic teeth.
To analyze gene expression and cell interactions during the cap to early bell stages of tooth development.

Main Methods:

Integrated spatial and single-nucleus RNA sequencing of human embryonic tooth germs (postconception weeks 12-18).
Analysis of gene expression patterns, cell distributions, and intercellular communications.
Validation using immunohistochemistry.

Main Results:

Identified diverse epithelial (10) and mesenchymal (9) subpopulations, plus immune and neural cells.
Characterized lineage-specific genes, transcription factors, and differentiation trajectories.
Delineated intercellular communications, including macrophage-odontoblast and Schwann cell signaling.

Conclusions:

Revealed significant cellular heterogeneity in early human tooth development.
Identified key genes regulating epithelial and mesenchymal cell differentiation.
Provided transcriptomic resources for future research in tooth development and regenerative medicine.
Highlighted potential for using identified genes to guide stem cell differentiation for regenerative applications.