Transvaginal approach for resection of a low rectal leiomyoma: A case report

Rectal leiomyomas are rare benign lesions with an estimated incidence of 1 in 2000 rectal tumors. The treatment of choice for these tumors is complete resection. Transvaginal approach is an appropriate method for tumors located in the anterior wall of the rectum. We herein report a case of a 31-year-old female patient treated by transvaginal resection for a lower rectal leiomyoma and also mention a literature review regarding this topic.

A 31-year-old female patient was admitted to our hospital due to abdominal pain. She was diagnosed with a lower rectal leiomyoma and underwent transvaginal tumor resection. Postoperative course was stable and the patient was discharged after 5 days with no complications of vaginal fistula or sphincter dysfunction.

Leiomyoma is a common benign tumor that can be found in many locations in the body, but rarely occurs in the rectum. Large leiomyomas of lower rectum would normally require transanal, intersphincteric, or transperineal resection. However, these approaches had risks related to sphincteric dysfunction and anastomosis leakage. Transvaginal resection is a minimally invasive approach that is an appropriate method for tumors located in the anterior wall of the rectum.

Transvaginal resection is a minimally invasive approach that may be considered for lower rectal submucosal tumors.