[Early prediction of neurodevelopmental outcomes in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy]

Perinatal asphyxia can result in severe complications in neonates, with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) being one of the most serious consequences. While whole-body hypothermia has reduced both mortality and neurodevelopmental impairment, significant challenges remain in clinical practice. One of the most pressing issues is the early prediction of long-term outcomes, which is crucial during parental consultations. Relying solely on clinical data from the first few days of life makes it difficult to accurately predict neurodevelopmental trajectories and recommend timely interventions. In recent years, our research team at the Neonatology Department of the Pediatric Center at Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary, has conducted clinical investigations aimed at improving outcome prediction in neonates with moderate to severe HIE. Our research has focused on four key areas: (1) the role of longitudinal analysis of amplitude-integrated electroencephalography in outcome prediction, (2) the value of time-series analysis of non-invasive hemodynamic monitoring for prognostic assessment, (3) the predictive performance and metabolite dynamics observed through proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, (4) the influence of parental socioeconomic status on neurodevelopmental outcomes. Through systematic and structured data collection in our HIE clinical registry, we have made significant progress in enhancing early prediction of neurodevelopmental outcomes in neonates with moderate to severe HIE. Orv Hetil. 2025; 166(39): 1523–1530.