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Prevalence of Intravitreal Silicone Oil Following Intravitreal Injections: A Meta-Analysis.
Matheus Pedrotti Chavez1, Tiago Nelson de Oliveira Rassi2, Camilo Moreno Yate3
1Department of Ophthalmology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
American Journal of Ophthalmology
|September 28, 2025
Summary
Intravitreal injections (IVIs) frequently contaminate eyes with silicone oil (SiO), causing floaters. Using SiO-free syringes and attachable needles may reduce these risks, but further trials are needed.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Retinal Diseases
- Medical Device Contamination
Background:
- Intravitreal injections (IVIs) are standard treatments for retinal diseases.
- Concerns exist regarding silicone oil (SiO) contamination from IVIs, potentially causing visual disturbances like floaters and inflammation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the prevalence of intravitreal SiO after IVIs.
- To assess the association between SiO contamination and floaters.
- To identify factors contributing to SiO contamination during IVIs.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases.
- Single-arm meta-analysis of ten studies including 1583 eyes.
- Subgroup analyses by syringe and needle types; meta-regression for injection frequency.
Main Results:
- High prevalence of intravitreal SiO (57.56%) and floaters (27.85%) following IVIs.
- Staked-in needles showed significantly higher SiO prevalence than attachable needles.
- Siliconized syringes had higher contamination rates than SiO-free syringes (OR 0.05).
Conclusions:
- IVIs are commonly associated with intravitreal SiO and subsequent floaters.
- Siliconized syringes and staked-in needles are potential sources of contamination.
- Adoption of SiO-free syringes and attachable needles may mitigate complications; RCTs are recommended.
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