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Small interfering RNA (siRNA) based therapies for cancer treatment: A special focus on cervical cancer

Labdhi Bavishi1, Shital B Butani1, Snehal S Patel1

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.

European Journal of Pharmacology
|September 28, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Small interfering RNA (siRNA) therapies offer precise cancer treatment by silencing disease-causing genes. This review highlights siRNA

Area of Science:

  • Oncology and Molecular Biology
  • RNA interference (RNAi) therapeutics

Background:

  • Small interfering RNA (siRNA) therapies leverage the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway for targeted gene silencing.
  • siRNA offers a precise alternative to conventional cancer treatments, minimizing off-target effects.
  • Cervical cancer, often linked to Human Papillomavirus (HPV), is a key area for siRNA application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the significance and advancements of siRNA-based therapies in oncology.
  • To explore siRNA's role in targeting oncogenes, particularly HPV-associated E6 and E7 proteins in cervical cancer.
  • To discuss novel siRNA delivery strategies and evaluate clinical potential and limitations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on siRNA mechanisms, applications, and delivery systems.
  • Analysis of siRNA's impact on oncogene silencing, tumor suppressor pathways, and immune modulation.
  • Evaluation of delivery vehicles including lipid nanoparticles, polymeric carriers, dendrimers, and exosomes.

Main Results:

  • siRNA therapies effectively silence oncogenes and viral proteins like HPV E6/E7, reactivating tumor suppressors.
  • Advanced delivery strategies are improving siRNA stability, cellular uptake, and reducing immunogenicity.
  • siRNA demonstrates potential in personalized medicine and combination therapies, with ongoing clinical trials.

Conclusions:

  • siRNA-based therapies hold significant promise for various cancers, especially HPV-driven cervical cancer.
  • Overcoming challenges in delivery efficiency, immunogenicity, and manufacturing is crucial for clinical translation.
  • Further research and clinical trials are essential to fully realize the therapeutic potential of siRNA in oncology.
Keywords:
CancerChemical modificationsDelivery strategiesOncogenesRNAisiRNA

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