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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 16, 2026

Assessing the Coherence of Parents' Short Narratives Regarding their Child Using the Five-Minute Speech Sample Procedure
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Associations between intelligence, affective temperament, and parental bonding with educational level.

Hirofumi Hirakawa1, Takeshi Terao1, Kentaro Kohno1

  • 1Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita, Japan.

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Summary

Higher intelligence and maternal care are linked to increased educational attainment. This study explored factors associated with educational level in 130 individuals.

Keywords:
ageeducational levelintelligencemalematernal care

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Sociology
  • Education

Background:

  • Educational level is a significant life aspect influenced by biopsychosocial and economic factors.
  • Understanding determinants of educational attainment is crucial for individual and societal development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between educational level and intelligence.
  • To examine the relationship of educational level with affective temperament.
  • To explore the connection between educational level and parental bonding.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study design with 130 participants.
  • Comparison of demographic data, intelligence, affective temperament, and parental bonding across three educational groups (high school, college, university+).
  • Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and stepwise multiple regression analysis were employed.

Main Results:

  • Intelligence, maternal care, and male sex showed a significant positive association with higher educational level.
  • Age was significantly and negatively associated with educational level.
  • Affective temperament did not show significant associations with educational level in this cohort.

Conclusions:

  • Findings suggest that higher intelligence and positive maternal care may be associated with advanced educational attainment.
  • Further prospective research is needed to establish causality and explore other contributing factors.
  • These insights can inform interventions aimed at improving educational outcomes.