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Related Concept Videos

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II01:19

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II

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Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...
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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification01:23

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Modified-release drug delivery systems improve drug efficacy and minimize side effects by controlling the rate and location of drug release. These systems fall into three categories: rate-programmed, stimuli-activated, and site-targeted.Rate-programmed systems release drugs at a predetermined rate, maintaining consistent therapeutic levels and reducing fluctuations that could lead to toxicity or subtherapeutic effects. These systems use polymeric matrices, reservoir-based designs, or osmotic...
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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed I01:22

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Rate-programmed drug delivery systems (DDS) are designed to release drugs at specific, controlled rates to maintain consistent therapeutic levels. These systems are categorized based on their release mechanisms, including dissolution-controlled DDS, diffusion-controlled DDS, and combined dissolution-diffusion-controlled DDS.In dissolution-controlled DDS, the release rate depends on the slow dissolution of the drug itself or the surrounding matrix. Drugs with inherently slow dissolution rates,...
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Stimuli-activated drug delivery systems are designed to release drugs in response to specific physical, chemical, or biological stimuli. These systems often utilize hydrogels—three-dimensional, hydrophilic polymer networks capable of swelling in aqueous environments and retaining significant fluid volumes. Upon exposure to particular stimuli, these hydrogels undergo structural transitions that allow the embedded drug to be released. Due to this adaptive behavior, such systems are also...
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Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Continuous-Release Systems01:26

Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Continuous-Release Systems

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Continuous-release drug delivery systems offer a strategic approach to maintaining therapeutic drug levels over extended periods following oral administration. By modulating the release rate of active pharmaceutical ingredients, these systems minimize fluctuations in plasma concentrations, which enhances clinical efficacy and reduces the need for frequent dosing. Such characteristics make them particularly advantageous in managing chronic diseases where patient adherence and stable drug...
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Parenteral drug delivery systems play a crucial role in modern therapeutics by enabling the direct administration of drugs into the systemic circulation, bypassing the gastrointestinal tract. These systems are particularly valuable for poorly absorbed oral medications that are unstable in the digestive environment or require rapid onset or sustained therapeutic levels. Delivery is achieved through intravenous, intramuscular, or subcutaneous routes, each selected based on the drug's properties...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

High Speed Droplet-based Delivery System for Passive Pumping in Microfluidic Devices
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Refillable silicone pump with precise switching for timed therapeutic delivery.

Naaz Thotathil1, John J Amante1, Micah Wingell1

  • 1Kearney Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States.

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
|September 29, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a novel soft robotic drug delivery pump for precise, timed therapeutic administration. The device offers reliable on/off control and successfully delivered various therapeutics, improving drug delivery efficacy.

Keywords:
finite element modelingon-demand drug deliveryrefillable drug delivery devicesoft roboticswound healing

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Robotics
  • Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

  • Precise temporal control of biological processes enhances therapeutic efficacy.
  • Current stimulus-responsive drug delivery methods face limitations like premature leakage and inconsistent responsiveness.
  • Need for advanced drug delivery systems for improved therapeutic outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a soft robotic pressure-actuated drug delivery pump for precisely-timed therapeutic administration.
  • To overcome limitations of existing drug delivery technologies, enhancing therapeutic efficacy.
  • To demonstrate the device's capability for controlled and repeated drug delivery.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a soft robotic pump using silicone for a biocompatible, conformable interface.
  • Incorporated refillable ports in the actuation chamber for sustained use.
  • Tested pressure-dependent release, repeated release, baseline release, and delivery of various therapeutics (28.5 - 59.8 mmHg).

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a reliable On/Off mechanism over 5 days, addressing a key limitation in current technologies.
  • Successfully delivered a range of therapeutics in vitro, including antibiotics, adeno-associated virus (AAV), dexamethasone, and viable cells, with comparable efficacy to manual delivery.
  • Developed a finite element model to analyze pressure/volume release trends and the effect of membrane stiffness.

Conclusions:

  • The developed soft robotic pump enables consistent and precisely-timed administration of diverse therapeutics while preserving bioactivity.
  • The device shows significant potential for repeated therapeutic delivery applications.
  • This technology offers a promising solution for advanced, controlled drug delivery systems.