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Hypertension Control Rate, Associated Factors, Facilitators, and Barriers in Kerala, India: A Mixed-Methods Study
Das P Anaswara1, Sunu C Thomas1, Jeby J Olickal1
1Department of Public Health, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, IND.
Cureus
|September 29, 2025
Summary
Hypertension control in Kerala, India, is low at 23.04%. Improving access to medication and promoting healthy lifestyles are key to better hypertension management, especially for males and younger adults.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Cardiovascular Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Limited comprehensive data exists on hypertension control rates in India.
- Hypertension remains a significant public health challenge, necessitating localized control assessments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the hypertension control rate in Kerala, India.
- To identify factors, facilitators, and barriers associated with hypertension control.
Main Methods:
- A multistage cluster sampling survey of 256 hypertensive adults (≥30 years) in Kerala.
- Log-binomial regression analysis for associated factors and in-depth interviews with patients and healthcare providers.
Main Results:
- The hypertension control rate was found to be 23.04%.
- Factors associated with better control included older age (≥60), female sex, healthy diet, physical activity, absence of abdominal obesity, and no comorbidities.
- Key facilitators were community programs and family support; barriers included poor access and medicine shortages.
Conclusions:
- Enhancing access to antihypertensive medications is crucial.
- Addressing misconceptions and promoting lifestyle modifications (diet, physical activity) are vital for improving hypertension control.
- Targeted interventions for males and younger adults are recommended.
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