Addressing non-communicable disease management during disasters in the US Virgin Islands: a mixed methods study

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Disaster Medicine
• Health Disparities

Background:

• Extreme weather events disproportionately impact individuals with non-communicable diseases (NCDs), exacerbating health disparities.
• The U.S. Virgin Islands (USVI) faces significant challenges in NCD care quality and disaster preparedness.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the experiences of individuals with NCDs during hurricanes Irma and Maria.
• To identify strategies for improving disaster preparedness and response for NCD patients.

Main Methods:

• A mixed-methods cross-sectional study involving 113 quantitative surveys and 15 qualitative interviews.
• Conducted at a Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC) in St. Thomas, USVI.

Main Results:

• Nearly one-third of participants struggled with NCD management post-disaster due to stress, lack of medication, and disrupted healthcare.
• Significant mental health burdens were reported, including anxiety, depression, and PTSD symptoms.
• Many participants lacked tailored disaster preparedness information, underscoring a need for improved communication from healthcare providers.

Conclusions:

• Critical gaps exist in disaster preparedness for individuals with NCDs in the USVI.
• Strengthening healthcare infrastructure, mental health support, and targeted education are crucial for improving resilience.
• Enhanced disaster response strategies are needed to reduce NCD morbidity and mortality in vulnerable populations.