Deep-broad learning network model for precision identification and diagnosis of grape leaf diseases

This paper addresses the problem of rapid, precise, and efficient identification and diagnosis of grape leaf diseases by proposing the Deep-Broad Learning Network Model (ABLSS), which combines a Broad Learning network model with deep learning techniques. The model is optimized using the Adam algorithm based on BLS, and incorporates the LTM mechanism, which significantly enhances learning efficiency, stability, and recognition accuracy. Additionally, by integrating deep learning network optimization techniques, a SENet attention mechanism is added between the mapping and enhancement layers of BLS. Furthermore, based on the U-Net segmentation model, the method integrates dilated spatial pyramid pooling and feature pyramid networks. Dilated convolutions with varying dilation rates are used to capture multi-scale contextual information, which providing rich semantic information and high-resolution details during the decoding process. This improves the ABLSS model's ability to identify small disease spots. Experimental results show that the ABLSS model achieves the highest recognition accuracy for three types of diseases with similar features on grape leaves, with an average accuracy improvement of 7.69% over BLS and 4.48% over deep learning networks. The MIOU of the segmentation model reaches 86.61%, which is a 6.48% improvement over the original U-Net model, and the MPA is 90.23%, a 8.09% improvement over the original U-Net. These results demonstrate that the proposed method significantly improves the algorithm's recognition accuracy for small and irregular complex images. The ABLSS model recognizes images 0.375 seconds faster than the deep learning network, achieving a 72.12% speed improvement, thereby significantly enhancing the recognition efficiency of fine features. The ABLSS model combines the high recognition accuracy of deep learning with the fast processing speed of Broad Learning, while overcoming the limitations of BLS in recognizing complex images. This study provides valuable support for the development of smart orchard technologies and the optimization of learning network models.