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Related Concept Videos

Capacitor With A Dielectric01:18

Capacitor With A Dielectric

Parallel plate capacitors consist of two conducting plates separated by a certain distance. However, it is mechanically difficult to hold the large plates parallel to each other without actual contact. Hence, a dielectric layer is commonly placed between the plates, which provides an easy solution for holding the plates together with a small gap and increases the capacitance of the capacitor.
Dielectrics are non-conducting materials with no free or loosely bound electrons. When a dielectric is...
Electrostatic Boundary Conditions in Dielectrics01:27

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When an electric field passes from one homogeneous medium to another, crossing the boundary between the two mediums imparts a discontinuity in the electric field. This results in electrostatic boundary conditions that depend on the type of mediums the field propagates through.
Consider a case where both the mediums across a boundary are two different dielectric materials. Recall that the electric field and electric displacement are proportional and related through the material's permittivity.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

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Lignocellulosic Interfacially Complexed Cryogels as Robust Electromagnetic Wave Dissipators.

Zhuoqing Zhang1,2,3, Seyyed Alireza Hashemi3, Dingyuan Zheng4

  • 1College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, People's Republic of China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|September 29, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New lignocellulose nanofibril (LCNF) cryogels offer advanced electromagnetic shielding. These ultralightweight, flexible materials overcome previous limitations, providing robust protection by minimizing shrinkage and enhancing performance.

Keywords:
cryogelelectromagnetic shieldingemulsion gelinterfacial complexationlignocellulose nanofibers

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Electromagnetism

Background:

  • Traditional lignin-containing cellulosic cryogels faced limitations due to poor structural integrity and the need for delignification.
  • Lignocellulose nanofibrils (LCNFs) offer a direct route from biomass but present challenges in electromagnetic (EM) shielding, including insulation and thermal shrinkage.
  • Developing functional materials from lignocellulosic biomass requires innovative approaches to overcome inherent properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop advanced lignocellulose nanofibril (LCNF) based cryogels for electromagnetic (EM) shielding applications.
  • To address the challenges of insulating nature and thermal shrinkage in LCNF cryogels through interfacial complexation.
  • To create ultralightweight, flexible, and structurally robust EM shielding materials from renewable resources.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized interfacial complexation by jamming synergized LCNFs with graphene oxide (GO) and/or metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) at the oil/water interface via electrostatic interactions.
  • Formed a stable lignocellulosic jammed emulsion gel template, subsequently converted into cryogels through freezing and lyophilization.
  • Investigated the properties of GO-LCNF cryogels and their performance after thermal annealing, including complexation with magnetic MOFs.

Main Results:

  • Fabricated ultralightweight GO-LCNF cryogels (density: 2.69 mg cm-3) with exceptional flexibility (80% compressibility) and instant shape recovery after thermal annealing.
  • Achieved minimized volume shrinkage upon thermal treatment, resulting in structural integrity comparable to delignified cellulose nanofibril (CNF) cryogels.
  • Demonstrated promising EM shielding effectiveness (SE) of 46.7 dB and high specific shielding effectiveness over thickness (SSE/t) of 19,184–24,327 dB cm2 g-1.
  • Engineered absorption-dominant EM shielding systems with magnetic MOFs, exhibiting high absorbance (0.62–0.67) and effective mitigation of surface reflections.

Conclusions:

  • The interfacial complexation method successfully created robust, flexible, and ultralightweight LCNF-based cryogels for EM shielding.
  • Hybridization with GO and MOFs effectively addressed the insulating nature and thermal shrinkage issues of LCNFs.
  • The developed cryogels show significant potential as high-performance, absorption-dominant EM shielding materials for technological applications.