Cryogenic in situ fabrication of reversible direct write logic circuits and devices

Signal transmission across cryogenic and room-temperature environments remains a significant bottleneck in superconducting quantum computing and classical circuit integration. Furthermore, interactions among cryogenic devices often require room-temperature interfacing, driving substantial demand for data read/write interfaces, which in turn increases interconnect complexity and constrains scalability. In situ fabrication of cryogenic, high-performance logic circuits and devices presents a promising solution to address this "wiring bottleneck". Here, we demonstrated interfacial two-dimensional electron gas devices with reversible interface states that can be directly modulated at operating temperatures while achieving an unprecedented ultrahigh on/off ratio. Remarkably, these devices can be patterned using a "light pencil" and erased with a pulsed electric field, enabling resist free, in situ direct writing and electrical erasure of the interface state.