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BRASSINOSTEROID-SIGNALING KINASEs: Small Family, Big Functions.

Tian Zhao1, Xiaoman Cao1, Seçkin Eroğlu2

  • 1College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.

Physiologia Plantarum
|September 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary

BRASSINOSTEROID-SIGNALING KINASEs (BSKs) link cell surface receptors to internal signaling pathways, regulating plant growth and stress responses. These kinases are crucial for transmitting signals that control plant development and adaptation.

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BSKMAPK cascadeYDAdevelopmentimmunity

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Molecular Signaling

Background:

  • Plant cells use cell-surface receptors to sense external and internal signals, initiating responses for physiological regulation.
  • Receptor-like kinases (RLKs) on the cell surface recognize extracellular signals and activate downstream pathways.
  • Receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases (RLCKs) act downstream of RLKs, relaying signals to components like the MAPK cascade.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in understanding BRASSINOSTEROID-SIGNALING KINASEs (BSKs).
  • To explore BSKs' roles in plant growth, development, and stress responses.
  • To detail BSK regulation, molecular mechanisms, and involvement in signaling pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of BSK research.
  • Analysis of BSK regulation via post-translational modifications.
  • Investigation of BSK interactions with RLKs and MAPK cascades.

Main Results:

  • BSKs (RLCK XII-1 members) are vital for diverse physiological processes.
  • BSKs' subcellular localization is regulated by post-translational modifications.
  • BSKs modulate signaling by interacting with RLKs and MAPK cascades, and other pathways.

Conclusions:

  • BSKs function as linker proteins at the plasma membrane.
  • BSKs integrate signals downstream of cell surface receptors and upstream of intracellular cascades.
  • BSKs orchestrate plant development and stress responses through complex signaling networks.