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Rapid Diagnosis of Avian Influenza Virus in Wild Birds: Use of a Portable rRT-PCR and Freeze-dried Reagents in the Field
Published on: August 2, 2011
Recent advances in avian influenza virus: Molecular pathogenesis, emerging strains, and next-generation therapeutics
Basavraj S Nagoba1, Shree V Dhotre2, Mahesh N Sonar3
1Department of Microbiology, Maharashtra Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (Medical College), Latur 413531, Maharashtra, India. dr_bsnagoba@yahoo.com.
Abstract:
Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) represent an ongoing threat to global health due to their capacity for genetic evolution, zoonotic transmission, and pandemic emergence. This review highlights recent progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying AIV infection, including viral immune evasion strategies and host-virus interactions. It discusses recent outbreaks involving reassortant strains such as H5N1 and H9N2, and examines their public health consequences. Advancements in antiviral therapy, including resistance patterns, and the development of next-generation vaccines such as messenger RNA and universal influenza vaccines are reviewed. The integration of genomic surveillance, artificial intelligence-driven prediction, and One Health approaches is emphasized as essential for pandemic preparedness. This comprehensive overview aims to provide researchers and policymakers with actionable insights for controlling the evolving threat of avian influenza.
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