Lactylation in Cardiovascular Diseases: Current Progress and Perspectives.

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Molecular Biology
• Cardiovascular Research

Background:

• Epigenetic modifications, such as lactylation, are increasingly recognized for their role in disease.
• Lactylation, a posttranslational modification, affects histone and nonhistone proteins.
• Processes linked to lactylation, including inflammation and lipid metabolism, are crucial in cardiovascular disease (CVD) development.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current knowledge on lactylation and its potential involvement in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).
• To explore the regulatory enzymes and functional roles of lactylation in CVD pathogenesis.
• To identify future research directions for therapeutic and diagnostic strategies related to lactylation in CVDs.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of preclinical and emerging studies on lactylation.
• Analysis of the biochemical pathways regulated by lactylation.
• Synthesis of current understanding of lactylation's functional implications in CVD.

Main Results:

• Lactylation influences key cellular processes relevant to CVD, such as inflammation, lipid metabolism, and angiogenesis.
• Evidence linking lactylation to CVD is primarily from preclinical studies.
• The precise mechanisms connecting lactylation to CVD pathogenesis require further elucidation.

Conclusions:

• Lactylation represents a novel area of investigation for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).
• Understanding lactylation's role may offer new avenues for CVD diagnostics and therapeutics.
• Clinical validation is essential to confirm the significance of lactylation in human CVD.