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Characterizing Gray matter atrophy patterns associated with accelerometer-measured sedentary behavior: a

Minle Tian1,2, Xiaolei Han1,2, Ming Mao1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Department of Neurology, Ministry of Education, Shandong Povincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, No. 324 Jingwuweiqi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, P.R. China.

Brain Imaging and Behavior
|September 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sedentary behavior patterns, including total time and bout duration, are linked to brain gray matter atrophy in older adults. Reducing sedentary time and increasing physical activity may help preserve brain structure and cognitive health.

Keywords:
AccelerometerGray matterPopulation-based studySedentary behaviorVoxel-based morphometry

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Self-reported sedentary behaviors are linked to dementia and cognitive impairment, but mechanisms are unclear.
  • Understanding sedentary behavior patterns is crucial for cognitive health in aging populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate associations between accelerometer-measured sedentary behavior patterns and gray matter atrophy in older adults.
  • To explore how sedentary time accumulation (short vs. long bouts) relates to brain structure.

Main Methods:

  • Community-based study of 911 older adults (≥60 years) from the MIND-China cohort.
  • Sedentary behavior measured via accelerometers (total time, bout duration, breaks).
  • Brain gray matter volume (GMV) assessed using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) on MRI scans.

Main Results:

  • Inverted U-shaped association between total sedentary time and GMV in temporal, cingulate, and medial temporal cortex.
  • Longer mean sedentary bout duration linearly decreased GMV across multiple brain regions, notably frontal, temporal, insula, and cingulate cortex.
  • Increased light and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity correlated with larger insula GMV; prolonged sedentary time associated with reduced GMV in insula and thalamus.

Conclusions:

  • Sedentary behavior, particularly prolonged bouts, is associated with gray matter atrophy in older adults.
  • Atrophy patterns include reduced GMV in global, frontal, temporal, medial temporal, and cingulate cortex, with significant impact on the insula and thalamus.
  • Findings highlight the importance of sedentary behavior patterns, not just total time, for brain health in aging.