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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Driving Simulation in the Clinic: Testing Visual Exploratory Behavior in Daily Life Activities in Patients with Visual Field Defects

Driving Simulation in the Clinic: Testing Visual Exploratory Behavior in Daily Life Activities in Patients with Visual Field Defects

Published on: September 18, 2012

In full-touch HMI mode: How does car-following pressure, task complexity, and speed affect driver's visual

Kunchen Li¹, Menglu Gu², Wei Yuan²

¹School of Automobile, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710018, China; Department of Transportation Planning and Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens 15773, Greece.

Accident; Analysis and Prevention

|September 30, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Drivers

Keywords:

Car-following Driving distraction Full-touch HMI Glance metrics Touchscreen interactions Visual distraction characteristics

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Last Updated: May 12, 2026

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Area of Science:

Human-Computer Interaction
Automotive Safety
Cognitive Psychology

Background:

Full-touch Human-Machine Interaction (HMI) systems in intelligent vehicles may increase driver visual distraction.
Understanding visual distraction is crucial for ensuring driver safety in automated driving environments.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate how interaction tasks and traffic situations affect drivers' visual distraction characteristics in full-touch HMI.
To analyze driver gaze behavior adaptation under varying driving demands.

Main Methods:

A realistic car-following situation was simulated in both real-road and driving simulator experiments.
Fifty participants performed typical HMI tasks (e.g., climate control, calling contacts).
Visual distraction was measured by total off-road glance duration, number of glances, and mean glance duration.

Main Results:

Mean off-road glance duration decreased by 21.3% under car-following pressure, but was not affected by task type.
Complex interaction tasks increased visual attention demand.
Higher speeds led to shorter total off-road glance duration, with more, shorter glances.

Conclusions:

Car-following pressure significantly influences mean off-road glance duration, while task complexity impacts visual attention demand.
Drivers adapt their gaze behavior by increasing glance frequency and decreasing glance duration at higher speeds.
Findings offer insights into HMI design and driver safety recommendations for intelligent vehicles.