Evaluation of EDCs (phthalates, bisphenols, parabens, and benzophenones) in coffee: cross-sectional study in Algiers

Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are emerging environmental pollutants. The present study focused on evaluating the concentrations of EDCs in packed coffee. Among 12 investigated EDCs, only DEP, DEHP, DnBP, BPA, and BPF were found in packed coffee (20 %, 40 %, 80 %, 20 %, and 20 %, respectively). The mean values ranged from 0.230 ng/g for BPA to 23.214 ng/g for DnBP. DnBP was the most frequently detected EDC in coffee powder (60 %), followed by DEP, DEHP, BPA, and BPF (20 % each). Migration assessment showed that DEHP, DnBP, and BPF amounts were significantly higher after coffee preparation in the traditional coffee maker (2.515 vs 2.192 ng/mL, 1.845 vs 1.491 ng/mL, and 0.177 vs < LD ng/mL). The levels of phthalates and BPA did not exceed the specific migration limits (SMLs) and the estimated daily intake (EDI) to EDCs were low. Hazard quotients (HQs) were below 1.0 for general and highly exposed populations.